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mule deer
The mule deer (''Odocoileus hemionus'') is a deer indigenous to western North America; it is named for its ears, which are large like those of the mule. There are believed to be several subspecies, including the black-tailed deer.〔
Unlike the related white-tailed deer (''Odocoileus virginianus''), mule deer are generally more associated with the land west of the Missouri River, and more specifically with the Rocky Mountain region of North America. Mule deer have also been introduced to Argentina.〔
==Description==
The most noticeable differences between white-tailed and mule deer are the size of their ears, the color of their tails, and the configuration of their antlers. In many cases, body size is also a key difference. The mule deer's tail is black-tipped, whereas the whitetail's is not. Mule deer antlers are bifurcated; they "fork" as they grow, rather than branching from a single main beam, as is the case with whitetails. Each spring, a buck's antlers start to regrow almost immediately after the old antlers are shed. Shedding typically takes place in mid-February, with variations occurring by locale. Although capable of running, mule deer are often seen stotting (also called pronking), with all four feet coming down together. Black-tailed deer have also been introduced to Kauai, Hawaii.
The mule deer is the larger of the two ''Odocoileus'' species on average, with a height of at the shoulders and a nose-to-tail length ranging from . Of this, the tail may comprise . Adult bucks (male deer) normally weigh , averaging around , although trophy specimens may weigh up to . Does (female deer) are rather smaller and typically weigh from , with an average of around .〔Petersen, David (Nov./Dec., 1985). "(North American Deer: Mule, Whitetail and Coastal Blacktail Deer )". ''Mother Earth News''. Ogden Publications, Inc. Retrieved 4 January 2012.〕〔(''Odocoileus hemionus'' ), Animal Diversity〕 Unlike the whitetail, the mule deer does not generally show marked size variation across its range, although environmental conditions can cause considerable weight fluctuations in any given population. An exception to this is the subspecies, the Sitka black-tailed deer (''O. h. sitkensis''). This race is markedly smaller than other mule deer, with an average weight of and in males and females, respectively.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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